{"id":50015,"date":"2026-07-07T10:27:09","date_gmt":"2026-07-07T10:27:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bilderberg.club\/?page_id=50015"},"modified":"2026-07-07T10:34:10","modified_gmt":"2026-07-07T10:34:10","slug":"2019-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bilderberg.club\/fr\/meetings\/2019-2\/","title":{"rendered":"2019"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The 67th Bilderberg Meeting convened approximately 130 of the world&#8217;s most influential leaders in Montreux, Switzerland, to discuss a stable strategic order, the ethics of artificial intelligence, Brexit, and the weaponisation of social media. It would prove to be the last Bilderberg gathering before a three-year pandemic hiatus. This evidence-based analysis examines what actually happened at the world&#8217;s most scrutinized private conference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h2>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Montreux hosted the 67th Bilderberg Meeting from May 30 to June 2, 2019, with approximately 130 participants from 23 countries at the Fairmont Le Montreux Palace hotel<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Key topics included A Stable Strategic Order, the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, Brexit, China, Russia, the Weaponisation of Social Media, and the Importance of Space<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo attended (confirmed by the State Department despite not appearing on the official list), alongside Jared Kushner, Ursula von der Leyen, Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella, and NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aucune conclusion ou r\u00e9solution officielle n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l'approche traditionnelle de la conf\u00e9rence (Chatham House Rule)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>One month after the meeting, two attendees\u2014Ursula von der Leyen and Charles Michel\u2014were elevated to the EU&#8217;s two top jobs, and it was Henri de Castries&#8217;s final meeting as Steering Committee chairman<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From May 30 to June 2, 2019, approximately 130 of the world&#8217;s most influential figures gathered at the Fairmont Le Montreux Palace on the shores of Lake Geneva for the 67th Bilderberg Meeting. The Swiss lakeside resort\u2014hosting the conference for the first time in French-speaking Switzerland\u2014became, for four days, the most heavily guarded hotel in Europe, ringed by freshly planted hedges, private security, and a police operation drawing on the Swiss Air Force, federal police, and five cantonal forces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Why does this matter? The 2019 gathering occurred at a moment of extraordinary geopolitical flux. The US-China trade war had just escalated dramatically with the blacklisting of Huawei, Theresa May had announced her resignation six days before the meeting, the European Parliament elections had shattered the traditional centrist majority, and tensions with Iran were spiraling toward open confrontation. Nobody in the room could know it, but Montreux would also be the final Bilderberg Meeting of the pre-pandemic world\u2014the last time this network convened before COVID-19 forced the first cancellations in decades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dans cette analyse compl\u00e8te, vous apprendrez :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The verified facts about the 2019 Montreux meeting, based solely on official sources and mainstream reporting<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The historical context of 65 years of Bilderberg gatherings and Switzerland&#8217;s fifth turn as host nation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Who attended and what their participation reveals about the shifting power network\u2014from Wall Street toward Silicon Valley<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The 11 topics on the official agenda and their global significance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An evidence-based assessment separating documented facts from speculation\u2014including the von der Leyen question<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Historical Context: 65 Years of Transatlantic Dialogue<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les origines dans l'Europe de l'apr\u00e8s-guerre<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les r\u00e9unions de Bilderberg ont vu le jour en 1954 \u00e0 l'h\u00f4tel de Bilderberg \u00e0 Oosterbeek, aux Pays-Bas. Le conseiller politique polonais J\u00f3zef Retinger et le prince n\u00e9erlandais Bernhard ont initi\u00e9 la conf\u00e9rence avec un objectif clair de guerre froide : renforcer les relations transatlantiques et r\u00e9pondre au sentiment anti-am\u00e9ricain en Europe occidentale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The 2019 meeting marked 65 years since that founding gathering. The conference has maintained its defining conventions throughout: the Chatham House Rule, allowing participants to use information received but not attribute statements to specific speakers; no detailed minutes; no resolutions; no votes; and no policy statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La place de la Suisse dans l'histoire du Bilderberg<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Montreux 2019 was the fifth Bilderberg meeting held on Swiss soil, following B\u00fcrgenstock in 1960, 1981, and 1995, and St. Moritz in 2011\u2014but the first ever in the French-speaking part of the country. The Swiss connection ran through Andr\u00e9 Kudelski, chairman and CEO of the Kudelski Group and the only Swiss member of the Steering Committee, who acted as local organiser and proposed the Montreux venue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unusually, the location remained secret until days before the conference\u2014a level of operational discretion described by longtime observers as unprecedented in modern times. The Swiss daily 24 heures finally broke the news of the venue in late May, and the town&#8217;s iconic Belle \u00c9poque palace hotel was promptly sealed behind newly planted hedges and a substantial security perimeter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A World in Flux: The Weeks Before Montreux<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Few Bilderberg meetings have convened amid such a dense cluster of breaking crises. On May 15-21, the Trump administration placed Huawei on the US Entity List, dramatically escalating the technology war with China. On May 23-26, the European Parliament elections delivered the highest turnout since 1994 and broke the combined majority of the two traditional centrist blocs. On May 24\u2014six days before the meeting opened\u2014Theresa May announced her resignation as British Prime Minister, throwing Brexit into fresh chaos. And throughout May, tanker sabotage in the Gulf and the collapse of the Iran nuclear deal framework pushed Washington and Tehran toward confrontation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This context provides essential background for understanding <a href=\"https:\/\/bilderberg.club\/fr\/qui-controle-bilderberg-le-comite-de-pilotage-de-la-conference-la-plus-secrete-du-monde\/\">comment le comit\u00e9 de pilotage fa\u00e7onne la conf\u00e9rence<\/a> agenda in response to world events.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The 2019 Montreux Meeting: Official Facts<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u00e9tails de base<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to the official press release, dated Montreux, May 28, 2019, about 130 participants from 23 countries confirmed their attendance at the 67th meeting\u2014a diverse group of political leaders and experts from industry, finance, academia, labour, and the media. Roughly two-thirds came from Europe and the rest from North America; approximately a quarter came from politics and government. The published list named 129 individuals; independent tallies counted 39 business executives, 35 politicians, 15 editors and journalists, 13 academics, and 6 financiers, with about a quarter of participants being women.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The conference maintained its traditional closed-door format. The Vaud cantonal police coordinated between 100 and 370 personnel per day around the clock, supported by the Swiss Air Force, federal police, border guards, and the cantonal forces of Bern, Fribourg, Valais, and Geneva\u2014not counting the substantial contingent of private security engaged by the organisers. Montreux&#8217;s mayor Laurent Wehrli assured residents they would &#8220;not pay a single centime,&#8221; with security covered by federal and cantonal authorities and lodging paid by the organisers. Protests remained small\u2014around twenty people at most, by the police&#8217;s own account\u2014and peaceful.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The 11 Official Agenda Topics<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&#x27;ordre du jour publi\u00e9 abordait les d\u00e9fis les plus importants du moment :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>A Stable Strategic Order<\/strong> &#8211; Managing great-power rivalry and a fraying post-Cold War system<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>What Next for Europe?<\/strong> &#8211; The aftermath of fragmenting European Parliament elections<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Changement climatique et d\u00e9veloppement durable<\/strong> &#8211; Rising political salience of the climate agenda<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Chine<\/strong> &#8211; The trade war and the Huawei escalation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Russie<\/strong> &#8211; The continuing challenge to Western cohesion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Future of Capitalism<\/strong> &#8211; Inequality and the backlash against globalization<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Brexit<\/strong> &#8211; Discussed days after Theresa May&#8217;s resignation announcement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence<\/strong> &#8211; Governance of a transformative technology<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Weaponisation of Social Media<\/strong> &#8211; Disinformation and democratic vulnerability<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Importance of Space<\/strong> &#8211; The new strategic domain, as NATO prepared its first space policy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cyber Threats<\/strong> &#8211; Security in the digital domain<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pourquoi ces sujets sont importants<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Read together, the 2019 agenda reveals a distinctive pattern: nearly half the topics\u2014strategic order, AI ethics, weaponised social media, space, and cyber threats\u2014sat at the intersection of technology and security. Guardian journalist Charlie Skelton, the most persistent chronicler of the conference, summarized the overriding theme of Montreux as &#8220;the blurring of tech and war.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The attendee list bore this out. Eric Schmidt, then chair of the Pentagon&#8217;s Defense Innovation Board and the National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence, was joined by fellow Defense Innovation Board members Reid Hoffman and Adam Grant. Palantir CEO Alex Karp arrived just weeks after his company won a US Army intelligence contract worth up to $800 million\u2014reportedly the first time a Silicon Valley software firm, rather than a traditional defense contractor, was tapped to lead a defense program of record. The directors of GCHQ and Danish Defence Intelligence, NATO&#8217;s StratCom chief, and the Pentagon&#8217;s directors of Net Assessment and space projects completed the picture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;Brexit&#8221; and &#8220;What Next for Europe?&#8221; gained added urgency from the political calendar: the meeting opened four days after the European elections closed and six days after May&#8217;s resignation, with the contest to succeed her\u2014and the selection of the EU&#8217;s new leadership\u2014both wide open.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Who Attended: The 2019 Participant List<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Leadership politique<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The official participant list included sitting heads of government, ministers, royalty, and senior security officials:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mike Pompeo<\/strong> &#8211; US Secretary of State (attended, though not on the published list; confirmed by the State Department)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jared Kushner<\/strong> &#8211; Senior Advisor to the President, The White House<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ursula von der Leyen<\/strong> &#8211; German Federal Minister of Defence (nominated European Commission President one month later)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mark Rutte<\/strong> - Premier ministre des Pays-Bas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>King Willem-Alexander<\/strong> &#8211; of the Netherlands<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jens Stoltenberg<\/strong> - Secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l'OTAN<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ueli Maurer<\/strong> &#8211; President of the Swiss Confederation and Finance Minister<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>J\u00fcri Ratas<\/strong> &#8211; Prime Minister of Estonia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bruno Le Maire<\/strong> &#8211; French Minister of Finance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer<\/strong> &#8211; Leader of Germany&#8217;s CDU<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Henry A. Kissinger<\/strong> \u2013 Pr\u00e9sident, Kissinger Associates<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>David H. Petraeus<\/strong> \u2013 Pr\u00e9sident, KKR Global Institute ; ancien directeur de la CIA<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jeremy Fleming<\/strong> &#8211; Director, GCHQ (UK signals intelligence)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Matthew Pottinger<\/strong> &#8211; Senior Director, US National Security Council<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stacey Abrams<\/strong> &#8211; Founder and Chair, Fair Fight<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Audrey Azoulay<\/strong> &#8211; Director-General, UNESCO<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Technology and AI Sector<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The tech contingent was unusually strong, foreshadowing the sector&#8217;s dominance at later meetings:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Satya Nadella<\/strong> &#8211; Microsoft CEO (his first Bilderberg appearance)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Eric Schmidt<\/strong> &#8211; Technical Advisor, Alphabet; former Google CEO; chair of the Pentagon&#8217;s Defense Innovation Board<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Peter Thiel<\/strong> \u2013 Pr\u00e9sident, Thiel Capital ; Membre du comit\u00e9 de pilotage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Alex Karp<\/strong> &#8211; Palantir Technologies CEO; Steering Committee member<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reid Hoffman<\/strong> &#8211; LinkedIn co-founder; Partner, Greylock Partners<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mustafa Suleyman<\/strong> &#8211; Co-Founder, DeepMind<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jared Cohen<\/strong> &#8211; Founder and CEO, Jigsaw (Alphabet)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Finance et Industrie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Henry R. Kravis<\/strong> &#8211; Co-Chairman and Co-CEO, KKR<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mark Carney<\/strong> &#8211; Governor, Bank of England<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ana Bot\u00edn<\/strong> &#8211; Group Executive Chair, Banco Santander<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jos\u00e9 Manuel Barroso<\/strong> &#8211; Chairman, Goldman Sachs International; former European Commission President<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tidjane Thiam<\/strong> &#8211; CEO, Credit Suisse Group<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mark Tucker<\/strong> &#8211; Group Chairman, HSBC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Thomas Buberl<\/strong> &#8211; CEO, AXA<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Patrick Pouyann\u00e9<\/strong> &#8211; Chairman and CEO, Total<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Patrice Caine<\/strong> &#8211; Chairman and CEO, Thales Group<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Michael O\u2019Leary<\/strong> &#8211; CEO, Ryanair<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Marcus Wallenberg<\/strong> &#8211; Chairman, SEB<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Andr\u00e9 Kudelski<\/strong> &#8211; Chairman and CEO, Kudelski Group (Swiss organiser of the meeting)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Robert E. Rubin<\/strong> &#8211; Former US Treasury Secretary; Co-Chairman Emeritus, Council on Foreign Relations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00e9dias et universit\u00e9s<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Zanny Minton Beddoes<\/strong> - R\u00e9dacteur en chef, The Economist<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>John Micklethwait<\/strong> - R\u00e9dacteur en chef, Bloomberg<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Martin Wolf<\/strong> \u2013 Chef \u00e9conomiste, Financial Times<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>David E. Sanger<\/strong> &#8211; National Security Correspondent, The New York Times<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mathias D\u00f6pfner<\/strong> &#8211; Chairman and CEO, Axel Springer<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Niall Ferguson<\/strong> &#8211; Hoover Institution, Stanford<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nick Bostrom<\/strong> &#8211; Director, Future of Humanity Institute, Oxford<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Timothy Snyder<\/strong> &#8211; Yale University<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Johan Rockstr\u00f6m<\/strong> &#8211; Director, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Minouche Shafik<\/strong> &#8211; Director, London School of Economics<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce que r\u00e9v\u00e8le le mixage<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The 2019 participant composition revealed three distinct patterns. First, the combined weight of Silicon Valley leadership and Pentagon-linked figures\u2014Schmidt, Hoffman, and Grant of the Defense Innovation Board; Karp fresh off a landmark Army contract; the Pentagon&#8217;s Net Assessment and space directors; GCHQ&#8217;s chief\u2014confirmed that the tech-defense nexus had become the conference&#8217;s gravitational center, years before it dominated the agendas of the 2020s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Second, the presence of both wings of American politics\u2014Trump administration principals (Pompeo, Kushner, Pottinger) alongside Democratic figures (Stacey Abrams, Claire McCaskill) and establishment veterans (Rubin, Kissinger, Petraeus)\u2014reflected Bilderberg&#8217;s insistence on engaging whoever holds power, whatever the transatlantic establishment thinks of them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Third, the European contingent was thick with figures about to ascend: von der Leyen to the European Commission, and a cohort of national politicians who would shape the EU&#8217;s next cycle. This network effect\u2014bringing together people on upward trajectories before they arrive at the top\u2014constitutes Bilderberg&#8217;s primary function, regardless of what <a href=\"https:\/\/bilderberg.club\/fr\/theories-du-complot-sur-le-bilderberg-analyse-fondee-sur-des-preuves-de-70-ans-daffirmations\/\">th\u00e9ories du complot sur les r\u00e9unions<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Pompeo and Kushner Factor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The most reported story of Montreux was the attendance of the US Secretary of State. Mike Pompeo did not appear on the published participant list; his presence was first reported by Swiss dailies and then confirmed by the State Department, which said he would attend briefly to make remarks and answer questions during a single session. His visit came amid a Europe tour dominated by Iran\u2014Switzerland formally represents US interests in Tehran\u2014and rumours of a side meeting on Iran with Swiss President Ueli Maurer circulated widely, though the Swiss Finance Ministry stated no such meeting was planned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jared Kushner, meanwhile, attended just weeks before unveiling the $50 billion economic component of the Trump administration&#8217;s Middle East plan at the Bahrain workshop of June 25-26, 2019. Whether he used Montreux to build support for the plan is plausible but unverifiable\u2014an emblematic example of how Bilderberg&#8217;s structure permits informed speculation but no confirmation. The Guardian&#8217;s Charlie Skelton captured the weekend&#8217;s most vivid scene: Pompeo and Kushner joining the King of the Netherlands and NATO&#8217;s Stoltenberg on a steamboat cruise across Lake Geneva to a castle dinner, Pompeo arriving &#8220;in a motorcade so long it stretched halfway back to Geneva.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Analyse : Ce que nous pouvons et ne pouvons pas conclure<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce que nous savons avec certitude<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bas\u00e9 sur des sources officielles et des rapports v\u00e9rifi\u00e9s :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The meeting occurred on the stated dates at the Fairmont Le Montreux Palace with the published participant list of 129 names<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mike Pompeo attended despite not appearing on the list, as confirmed by the State Department<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The 11 agenda topics were published in advance and reflect elite priorities of mid-2019<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No formal decisions, resolutions, or policy statements were produced, and the Chatham House Rule was maintained<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Henri de Castries chaired his final meeting as Steering Committee chairman; Victor Halberstadt and Marie-Jos\u00e9e Kravis subsequently took over as co-chairs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Influences indirectes probables<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bien que le lien de causalit\u00e9 ne puisse \u00eatre prouv\u00e9, des indices sugg\u00e8rent l'existence d'une coordination informelle :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The &#8220;What Next for Europe?&#8221; discussions occurred exactly one month before the European Council&#8217;s dramatic leadership negotiations of July 2, 2019\u2014at which two Montreux attendees, Ursula von der Leyen and Charles Michel, emerged with the EU&#8217;s two top jobs. Having many of Europe&#8217;s key political players in one room during the post-election horse-trading period plausibly contributed to the informal sounding-out that precedes any such appointment, even though the nomination itself resulted from public, well-documented EU negotiations after the leading Spitzenkandidat options were blocked.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The heavy overlap between Bilderberg&#8217;s tech contingent and the Pentagon&#8217;s advisory apparatus\u2014three Defense Innovation Board members in the room, plus Palantir&#8217;s CEO weeks after a landmark defense contract\u2014almost certainly involved exchanges relevant to the integration of Silicon Valley into US and allied defense planning. Whether these conversations shaped subsequent contracts is unverifiable, but the institutional channels visibly existed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce qui reste de la sp\u00e9culation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Despite intense commentary, no verified leaks emerged from Montreux. Claims that Bilderberg &#8220;chose&#8221; von der Leyen as Commission President, that Pompeo negotiated Iran policy at the hotel, or that the meeting coordinated 5G strategy against Huawei lack any documentary evidence. The correlation between attending Bilderberg and subsequently rising to high office is real\u2014von der Leyen, Michel, and many predecessors illustrate it\u2014but the more mundane explanation holds: Bilderberg invites people already on upward trajectories. The meetings&#8217; influence operates through informal consensus-building rather than directive decision-making.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Last Meeting of an Era<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In retrospect, Montreux carries a significance nobody present could have anticipated. Within nine months, the COVID-19 pandemic forced the cancellation of the 2020 meeting, and 2021 followed. Not since the 1976 Lockheed scandal had a Bilderberg year passed without a conference; now three would. When the group reconvened in Washington, D.C. in June 2022, the world it discussed\u2014pandemic-reshaped, war returned to Europe\u2014was profoundly different from the one debated on the shores of Lake Geneva. Montreux thus stands as the closing chapter of Bilderberg&#8217;s post-Cold War period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L'h\u00e9ritage des figures fondatrices<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour comprendre l'\u00e9volution du Bilderberg, il faut reconna\u00eetre ses architectes. <a href=\"https:\/\/bilderberg.club\/fr\/david-rockefeller-le-titan-bancaire-qui-a-fonde-les-reunions-de-bilderberg\/\">Des personnalit\u00e9s fondatrices comme David Rockefeller<\/a> shaped the conference&#8217;s structure and philosophy, establishing traditions that persist more than six decades later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Montreux 2019 also marked a generational handover within the organization itself. Henri de Castries, chairman of the Steering Committee since 2012, presided over his final meeting, closing it with a brief statement calling the Montreux edition &#8220;a great success.&#8221; The transition to co-chairs Victor Halberstadt and Marie-Jos\u00e9e Kravis\u2014alongside the growing weight of Steering Committee members from technology (Schmidt, Thiel, Karp)\u2014signalled the shift Charlie Skelton described as power moving &#8220;from Wall Street to Silicon Valley.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Questions fr\u00e9quemment pos\u00e9es<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q: Where and when was Bilderberg 2019 held?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A: The 67th Bilderberg Meeting was held from May 30 to June 2, 2019, at the Fairmont Le Montreux Palace hotel in Montreux, Switzerland. It was the fifth Swiss-hosted meeting in Bilderberg history and the first in the French-speaking part of the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Combien de personnes \u00e9taient pr\u00e9sentes ?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A: The official announcement cited about 130 participants from 23 countries; the published list named 129 individuals. At least one additional attendee\u2014US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo\u2014did not appear on the list, so the true figure was slightly higher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q: Did Mike Pompeo really attend a secret meeting?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A: Yes\u2014and it was officially acknowledged. The State Department confirmed Pompeo attended briefly to make remarks and take questions in one session, although the event did not appear on his public schedule. The discussions themselves remain private under the Chatham House Rule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q: Did Bilderberg make Ursula von der Leyen President of the European Commission?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A: No evidence supports this claim. Von der Leyen attended Montreux as German Defence Minister and was nominated Commission President on July 2, 2019\u2014one month later\u2014through well-documented European Council negotiations after the lead-candidate options collapsed. Her extensive international network, built at forums including Bilderberg, Davos, and Munich, certainly aided her rise, but correlation is not causation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q : Les r\u00e9unions du Bilderberg sont-elles vraiment secr\u00e8tes ?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A: The discussions are private, not secret. The participant list and topic agenda are published on the official website. No decisions are made, and participants can use information gained but cannot attribute statements. This differs from truly secret gatherings that deny their existence\u2014though the 2019 venue was kept unusually quiet until days before the event.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q: What was different about the 2019 agenda?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A: The technology-security nexus dominated. Five of the eleven topics\u2014strategic order, AI ethics, weaponised social media, space, and cyber threats\u2014addressed the fusion of technology and geopolitics, matched by an attendee list packed with tech CEOs, Pentagon advisers, and intelligence chiefs. Montreux previewed the defense-tech convergence that would define Bilderberg agendas in the 2020s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q: Why was 2019 the last meeting for three years?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A: The COVID-19 pandemic forced the cancellation of the 2020 and 2021 meetings\u2014the first interruptions since 1976, when the conference was cancelled amid the Lockheed bribery scandal involving co-founder Prince Bernhard. The conference resumed in Washington, D.C., in June 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Principaux enseignements<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Faits document\u00e9s<\/strong>: The 2019 Montreux meeting occurred May 30 &#8211; June 2 with approximately 130 participants from 23 countries discussing 11 published agenda topics, all verifiable through official sources.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tech-War Convergence<\/strong>: Nearly half the agenda\u2014and the most notable attendees\u2014sat at the intersection of Silicon Valley and the defense establishment, foreshadowing the defense-tech dominance of later meetings.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Government at the Table<\/strong>: The US Secretary of State&#8217;s confirmed attendance, alongside the President&#8217;s senior adviser, marked one of the highest-level official US presences in modern Bilderberg history.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The European Ascensions<\/strong>: Two attendees\u2014von der Leyen and Michel\u2014took the EU&#8217;s top two jobs within weeks, illustrating Bilderberg&#8217;s pattern of hosting leaders on the cusp of power without evidence that the meeting itself decided anything.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Leadership Transition<\/strong>: Montreux was Henri de Castries&#8217;s final meeting as chairman, ushering in the Halberstadt-Kravis co-chairmanship.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>End of an Era<\/strong>: Montreux was the last Bilderberg Meeting before the pandemic hiatus of 2020-2021, making it the closing conference of the pre-COVID world order.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pas de preuve de contr\u00f4le direct<\/strong>: Malgr\u00e9 des d\u00e9cennies d'examen minutieux, aucune preuve v\u00e9rifi\u00e9e ne vient \u00e9tayer les affirmations selon lesquelles les r\u00e9unions de Bilderberg d\u00e9terminent directement les politiques. L'influence s'exerce par le biais d'un consensus informel et d'une mise en r\u00e9seau plut\u00f4t que par une prise de d\u00e9cision directive.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion: Montreux in Context<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The 2019 Montreux meeting captured a world order in transition without knowing that a far greater rupture was months away. Its agenda\u2014strategic instability, the ethics of AI, weaponised information, the contest with China\u2014reads today as a preview of the decade that followed, while its guest list documented the moment Silicon Valley formally joined the transatlantic security establishment at the highest table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Its significance should neither be exaggerated into omnipotent conspiracy nor dismissed as irrelevant networking. The truth lies between: influential people discussing important topics in private likely generates some degree of informal coordination, but actual policy emerges through legitimate institutional processes\u2014as the very public, very messy EU leadership negotiations of July 2019 demonstrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As the final gathering before the pandemic changed everything, Montreux stands as a historical marker: the last photograph, so to speak, of the pre-COVID transatlantic elite\u2014neither more nor less transparent than the 66 meetings that preceded it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sources d'information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Official Press Release and Participant List 2019: bilderbergmeetings.org (May 28, 2019)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Public Intelligence: &#8220;2019 Bilderberg Meeting Participant List&#8221;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Guardian: Charlie Skelton, &#8220;Bilderberg Ahoy! Pompeo and Kushner join the billionaire boat club&#8221; (June 2, 2019)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Newsweek: Charlie Skelton, &#8220;Silicon Valley in Switzerland: Bilderberg 2019 and the High-Tech Future of Transatlantic Power&#8221; (June 1, 2019)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The New York Times \/ The Washington Post: Reporting on Pompeo&#8217;s confirmed attendance (June 2019)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Swiss media: 24 heures, RTS, SwissInfo, The Local Switzerland \u2014 venue, security, and protest coverage (May-June 2019)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Police cantonale vaudoise: Closing statement on the security operation (June 2019)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CNBC: &#8220;Kushner, Google and Microsoft to attend secret Bilderberg Meeting&#8221; (May 28, 2019)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Politico Europe: &#8220;The Network that Ursula Built&#8221; (July 11, 2019)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>European Parliament: Final turnout data, 2019 European elections (October 29, 2019)<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p> ... <a title=\"2019\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/bilderberg.club\/fr\/meetings\/2019-2\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur 2019\">Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":48937,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-50015","page","type-page","status-publish"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>2019<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bilderberg.club\/fr\/reunions\/2019-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"2019\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"... 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